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Study Finds BMI Alone May Misclassify Millions With Obesity

Researchers analysed data from 844,108 adults across four countries, proposing a framework that combines BMI with waist circumference, body-fat measurements and indicators of organ dysfunction.

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Study suggests not all obesity means ill-health. Pic via(@Reuters)

A King's College London study published in Nature suggests that obesity does not carry the same health risks for everyone and that BMI alone may be insufficient for accurate diagnosis.

Researchers analysed data from 844,108 adults across four countries, proposing a framework that combines BMI with waist circumference, body-fat measurements and indicators of organ dysfunction. It distinguishes between pre-clinical and clinical obesity to support more personalised treatment.

The findings indicate that BMI overestimated obesity in up to 3.1% of participants and underestimated it in up to 8.6%.

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People with clinical obesity had a 69% higher risk of death, compared with a 19% increase among those with pre-clinical obesity. Around 82% of pre-clinical cases did not progress to clinical obesity over a decade.

Senior author Professor Francesco Rubino said the framework aims to better match treatment intensity to individual health risks.

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