Second-hand smoke exposure was linked to an estimated 1.66 million deaths worldwide in 2023, according to a study published Tuesday in The Lancet.
Researchers estimated that 2.71 billion people were exposed to tobacco smoke, contributing to 44.8 million disability-adjusted life years.
Researchers noted that women face disproportionate risks in some regions, particularly where smoking rates are relatively low.
Population growth in Africa and the Middle East has also helped keep overall exposure levels high despite declining smoking prevalence since 1990.
The researchers called for stronger tobacco-control measures in public spaces and homes to protect people who do not smoke. Tobacco use itself was linked to about 8 million deaths from smoking-related illnesses in 2023, highlighting its continuing global health burden.
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Nearly 1.7 million deaths linked to second-hand smoke in 2023, study finds
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